Journal Informatic, Education and Management (JIEM)

Implementation of Child-Friendly Schools (SRA) at MIN 2 Nagan Raya: An Implicative Analysis of the Internalization of Noble Morals

Nurmanzili — 2025-09-11

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Child-Friendly School (CFS) Program at MIN 2 Nagan Raya and its implications for the internalization of students' noble morals. Child-Friendly Schools are an educational approach that emphasizes the protection of children's rights, the creation of a safe, inclusive, and violence-free learning environment, and active student participation in the learning process. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. Data analysis is carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions according to the Miles and Huberman model. The results show that the implementation of CFS at MIN 2 Nagan Raya has included the habituation of positive behavior, strengthening harmonious relationships between teachers and students, and the integration of character values in learning activities. However, several obstacles were found, such as unequal understanding among educators, limited physical facilities that support children's comfort, and the persistence of verbal violence practices. This study recommends the need for intensive training for educators regarding the CFS concept, improvement of infrastructure, and strengthening synergy between schools, parents, and the community in creating an educational environment that supports the formation of students' noble morals.

The Principal's Strategy for Improving the Quality of Graduates at MIN 3 Nagan Raya

Supardi — 2025-09-11

The quality of graduates of Islamic elementary schools (madrasah ibtidaiyah) is an important indicator in measuring the success of Islamic-based elementary education institutions. The role of the madrasah principal is crucial in managing and developing appropriate strategies to improve the quality of graduates who are not only academically superior but also possess good morals and life skills. This study aims to analyze the strategy of the principal of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri (MIN) 3 Nagan Raya in improving the quality of graduates through the stages of planning, implementation, and evaluation. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data collection techniques were carried out through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and documentation. Informants consisted of the madrasah principal, teachers, and education staff. The results show that the madrasah principal planned programs based on the madrasah's vision and mission, involved a solid work team, implemented structured quality improvement programs, and conducted continuous evaluations using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model approach. This strategy successfully increased public trust, student skills, and graduate acceptance in further education institutions. This study recommends that madrasah principals continue to strengthen their transformational leadership capacity and conduct innovations based on regular quality evaluations.

Educational Financing Management For The Enhancement Of Education Quality

Sonny Muhammad Ikhsan Mangkuwinata — 2025-09-11

The quality of a nation’s education system is strongly influenced by the management of resources, particularly financial resources, which are one of the national education standards. This study employs a literature review approach by analyzing books, journal articles, and scholarly works related to educational financing. The results indicate that sufficient and properly managed funding has a positive impact on school quality, learning processes, and student outcomes. Sound financial management is based on the principles of accountability, transparency, integrity, consistency, efficiency, and effectiveness, carried out through budgeting, allocation, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. Previous studies highlight that inadequate financing leads to substandard results, while effective financing enhances teacher professionalism, infrastructure provision, and institutional credibility. In addition, the implementation of total quality management (TQM) emphasizes continuous improvement, leadership focus, stakeholder collaboration, and intrinsic motivation as key strategies for quality enhancement. In conclusion, educational financing management plays a decisive role in improving the quality of education, and its effectiveness depends on professional administration, active stakeholder involvement, and compliance with national education standards.

Building Customer Loyalty of Indihome Bireuen: The Role of Product Quality, Marketing Strategy, and Brand Image

Syahril Ramadhan — 2025-09-11

This study is entitled “Building Customer Loyalty of Indihome Bireuen: The Role of Product Quality, Marketing Strategy, and Brand Image.” The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of product quality, marketing strategy, and brand image on Indihome customer loyalty in Bireuen Regency. The study was conducted in Kota Juang District, precisely in Pulo Ara Geudong Teungeh Village, Aceh Province, involving 108 Indihome customers as respondents. The findings indicate that product quality and brand image have a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty, where service attributes such as internet speed, network stability, and Indihome’s reputation as part of Telkom Indonesia play a crucial role in maintaining customer commitment. Meanwhile, marketing strategy does not have a significant partial effect; however, when combined, the three variables (product quality, marketing strategy, and brand image) exert a significant influence on customer loyalty, with a coefficient of determination of 78.4%. These results imply that managing product quality and strengthening brand image should be prioritized, alongside refining marketing strategies to better align with the characteristics of the local community. This research is expected to provide valuable insights for Indihome’s management in formulating strategies to retain customer loyalty and to serve as a reference for future studies in similar contexts.

The Effect Of The Cooperative Team Quiz Model On The Problem-Solving Skills Of Students In Grade VII Of SMP Negeri 1 Simpang Tiga Pidie

Nadiatul Husna — 2025-09-23

This study aims to determine the effect of the Cooperative Team Quiz learning model on the problem-solving skills of seventh-grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Simpang Tiga. This study uses a quantitative approach with a Quasi-Experimental design. The research sample consists of two classes, namely the experimental class taught using the Cooperative Team Quiz model and the control class taught using conventional methods. The research instrument in the form of a pre-test and post-test was used to measure students' problem-solving skills. The results showed a significant increase in students' problem-solving skills in the experimental class compared to the control class. Statistical tests proved that the Cooperative Team Quiz model had a positive and significant effect in improving problem-solving skills. Thus, this model is effective to be used as a learning strategy to improve junior high school students' problem-solving abilities.

The Effect Of The Project-Based Learning Model On Students’ Creative Thinking Skills In The Economics Subject

Tasyaul Hayati — 2025-09-23

This study aims to examine the effect of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model on students’ creative thinking skills in economics subject. The research employed a quasi-experimental method with a non-equivalent control group design. The sample consisted of two classes: an experimental class taught using PjBL and a control class taught using conventional methods. Data were collected using a creative thinking skills test administered in both pre-test and post-test. The results showed a significant improvement in the experimental class compared to the control class. Independent sample t-test analysis confirmed that the difference was statistically significant. These findings indicate that PjBL can serve as an effective alternative learning model to improve students’ creative thinking skills, particularly in economics learning

Politeness Comments on the Fizzo Reading App

Irmayani — 2025-10-01

This study aims to describe the form of language politeness in the comments of Fizzo digital reading application users-based on Leech's maximal theory of politeness. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with pragmatic theory, data was obtained from comments on popular novels by exclusive authors (star writers). The results of the analysis showed that most of the comments reflected adherence to the principles of politeness, such as the maxim of wisdom, generosity, appreciation, simplicity, compatibility, and sympathy. However, it was also found that there were violations of the maxim which were generally triggered by dissatisfaction with the storyline. These findings confirm the importance of applying politeness in digital communication, as well as its potential as a teaching material to form ethical language competence in the technological era.

Collaborative Assistance Model in the Preparation of the APBDES: Integration of Legal Aspects and Community Participation

Eka Merdekawati Djafar — 2025-10-01

The Draft Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget (RAPBDes) has an important role for villages in managing finances, preparing development plans, and determining the direction of village development policies. However, the problem of formulating the RAPBDes is still a challenge for some villages due to the lack of capacity and education of village officials as budget planners. The Technical Assistance for the Preparation of the RAPBDes service program aims to improve the understanding and skills of village officials in preparing a more effective budget by focusing on the agricultural sector as a support for the village economy. The method in implementing this program involves 30 participants of village officials as targets, by undergoing service from July and August. The results of the program obtained through the post test showed a percentage of 95%, this can be seen through the ability of the village apparatus to answer questions and formulate RAPBDes in accordance with legal legitimacy. This program has succeeded in improving the quality of the RAPBDes policy and has the potential to be applied more widely as a model of assisting the preparation of RAPBDes in other villages.

Factors Affecting the Accountability of Village Fund Management in Pineung Siribee

Sarah Nabila — 2025-10-05

This study aims to examine the factors influencing the accountability of village fund management in Pineung Siribee Village, Samalanga District, Bireuen Regency. The problem addressed is the low level of accountability due to limited competence of village officials, weak community participation, and insufficient internal control systems. Data were collected from 36 respondents using questionnaires and analyzed with multiple linear regression through SPSS version 24. The results show that the competence of village officials, community participation, and internal control systems have a positive and significant effect on accountability, both partially and simultaneously. These findings conclude that strengthening competence, increasing participation, and reinforcing internal controls are crucial to improve accountability in village fund management.

Improving Economic Resilience Through Social Entrepreneurship

Kemal Al Kindi Mulya — 2025-10-05

This paper explores the role of social entrepreneurship in strengthening economic resilience, particularly within the Indonesian context. The study aims to (1) promote synergistic collaboration among government entities, the private sector through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives, and civil society to overcome structural funding challenges, and (2) enhance the involvement of practitioners and academics in fostering community-driven enterprises. Employing a descriptive qualitative method through literature review, this study finds that while Indonesia possesses substantial human capital and natural resources, the potential of social entrepreneurship remains underutilized. Strengthening this sector could significantly contribute to achieving equitable economic development and long-term national resilience.

The Effect Of Accountability In The Management And Optimization Of The Use Of Village Funds On The Development Of BUMG

Nazira Ulfa — 2025-10-07

This study aims to examine the influence of accountability and optimization of village fund utilization on the development of BUMG (Badan Usaha Milik Gampong) in Cot Unou Village, Kuala Subdistrict, Bireuen Regency. The research employed a descriptive quantitative approach with data collected through questionnaires and interviews from 85 respondents, consisting of village officials and community members. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS software. The results show that accountability in management significantly affects BUMG development, as indicated by t-count > t-table (6.695 > 1.994) and a significance level of 0.007 < 0.05. Similarly, the optimization of village fund utilization has a significant impact, with t-count > t-table (6.272 > 1.994) and significance level of 0.000 < 0.05. Simultaneously, both variables jointly have a significant effect on BUMG development, proven by F-count 498.622 > F-table 3.11 and significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. The correlation coefficient (R) of 0.961 indicates a very strong relationship, while the coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.924 shows that 92.4% of BUMG development is explained by the two independent variables, and the remaining 7.6% is influenced by other factors outside this research model.

The Effect Of The Probing-Prompting Learning Model On Students' Critical Thinking Skills State Senior High School 1 Kuala

Desy Fitria — 2025-10-07

This study aims to determine the effect of the Probing Prompting learning model on students' critical thinking skills in class XI at SMA Negeri 1 Kuala. A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design using a nonequivalent control group design was employed. The study involved two classes: the experimental class, which received treatment using the Probing Prompting model, and the control class, which was taught using conventional methods. Research instruments included pre-tests and post-tests that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis involved normality tests, homogeneity tests, and independent t-tests. The results showed a significant difference in post-test scores between the experimental and control classes. The average post-test score of the experimental class (77.21) was higher than that of the control class. Therefore, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Probing Prompting learning model has a significant effect on improving students' critical thinking skills in economics subjects.

Analysis Of The Effectiveness Of Village Revenue And Expenditure Budget Management (Krueng Simpo Village, Juli District)

Murti Sari Dewi — 2025-10-09

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of managing the Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBDes) in Gampong Krueng Simpo, Juli Sub-district, Bireuen Regency. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach with data collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data were analyzed interactively through reduction, display, and conclusion drawing techniques. The findings indicate that APBDes management in Gampong Krueng Simpo is relatively effective in terms of planning, implementation, and supervision. This is reflected in community participation during village planning meetings, budget transparency, and the alignment of development programs with predetermined plans. Furthermore, village officials play active roles, and supervision is carried out systematically by Tuha Peut. However, some challenges remain, including limited human resources in information technology, low community involvement in monitoring, and external factors such as geography and weather affecting the implementation of physical projects. Overall, the 2024 fiscal year demonstrates a balanced and healthy village financial management, oriented toward community empowerment and the development of local economic potential.

Analysis Of The Influence Of PAD and DAU On Capital Expenditure In The Bireuen Regency Government

Safwatul Muna — 2025-10-09

This study aims to analyze the effect of Regional Original Revenue (PAD) and General Allocation Fund (DAU) on Capital Expenditures in the Government of Bireuen Regency. Capital Expenditures are an important indicator in supporting sustainable regional development. The research uses a quantitative method with a multiple linear regression approach. The data used are secondary data obtained from the regional government financial reports during the 2017–2023 period. The results of the F-test show that PAD and DAU simultaneously have a significant effect on Capital Expenditures, with an F-count value of 9.119 greater than the F-table value of 6.94 and a significance of 0.0032. However, the partial t-test results indicate that only PAD significantly affects Capital Expenditures, with a t-count of 4.185 and a significance of 0.014, while DAU does not show a significant effect, with a t-count of 1.184 and a significance of 0.302. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.820 indicates that 82% of the variation in Capital Expenditures can be explained by PAD and DAU. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening local revenue capacity to enhance regional development through capital spending.

Revitalization of Islamic Education Curriculum: A Roadmap Towards Golden Indonesia 2045

Ainal Mardhiah — 2025-10-13

The emergence of various local problems such as physical violence, psychological violence and sexual violence in very high numbers, in schools, at home, in educational institutions, in communities and in workplaces. There were 1,993 cases of violence against children and women recorded in 2024. In addition, the rampant corruption, use and distribution of drugs, marijuana, HIV / AIDS, LGBT. Abortion, free sex are serious challenges for the government. Coupled with global challenges such as war, the negative influence of modern technology requires Indonesia to think and choose the right and proven roadmap to realize a golden Indonesia in 2045. The Prophet Muhammad with the Qur'an has succeeded in bringing humans from the condition of ignorance that hurt each other, oppressed, killed, colonized to a life of mutual love. With the Qur'an, the Prophet Muhammad eliminated differences in social status, between the rich and the poor, between rulers and ordinary people, becoming equal before Allah SWT, except for those who are pious. With the guidance of the Qur'an and Hadith, Muslims have successfully mastered ¾ of the West. The Qur'an, Hadith, the sciences related to them, the sciences contained therein are the roadmap to a golden Indonesia in 2045. The Qur'an and Hadith are the solutions to the problems currently facing the Indonesian people, and the answers to the challenges of the global world, realizing a Golden Indonesia in 2045, by revitalizing Islamic education. Teach the Qur'an, Hadith, the sciences related to them, and the sciences contained therein in depth, completely, and thoroughly.

The Effect Of The Cooperative Script Learning Model On The Critical Thinking Abilities Of Grade XI Economics Students At SMAN 1

Rawatul Afna — 2025-10-13

Critical thinking ability is an intellectual process of seeking, analyzing, and evaluating information from observations or experiences, then using it to act and formulate a conclusion. The low critical thinking ability of students is an educational problem; One effort to improve critical thinking ability is by choosing the right learning model. This research aims to determine the effect of the Cooperative Script learning model on students' critical thinking skills in 11th-grade Economics at SMAN 1 Samalanga. The research method used was quasi-experimental with a nonequivalent control group design. The sample consisted of two classes: an experimental class using the Cooperative Script model and a control class using conventional teaching methods. The research instrument included pretest and posttest questions to measure students' critical thinking skills. The results showed a significant difference between the posttest scores of the experimental and control classes. Students in the experimental class demonstrated higher improvement in critical thinking skills compared to those in the control class. Thus, the Cooperative Script learning model is proven effective in enhancing students' critical thinking skills in Economics subjects.

The Effect Of Online Customer Reviews And Ratings On Consumer Purchase Decisions On Shopee E-Commerce

Ona Lisa — 2025-10-16

This study aims to determine the influence of online customer reviews and online customer ratings on consumer purchasing decisions on Shopee e-commerce. The research uses a quantitative approach with purposive sampling technique involving 110 respondents in Bireuen Regency. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results indicate that online customer reviews have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, as evidenced by the t-value of 5.863 > 1.982 and a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05. Similarly, online customer ratings also significantly influence purchasing decisions with a t-value of 2.248 > 1.982 and a significance level of 0.027 < 0.05. Simultaneously, both variables have a significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions, indicated by the F-value of 64.235 > 3.08. These findings show that online customer reviews and ratings play an essential role in shaping consumer trust and purchasing decisions on Shopee.

The Influence Of Work Engagement And Self-Efficacy On Employee Innovative Performance At SMK Prakarya Internasional

Ary Yanuarti — 2025-10-20

This study analyzes the influence of work engagement and self-efficacy on innovative work behavior of education employees at SMK Prakarya Internasional. Using quantitative method with survey on 83 employees population. Descriptive statistics show work engagement score of 4.12 (good category), self-efficacy 4.45 (very good), and innovative performance 4.44 (very good). All instruments are valid (r count > 0.2170) and reliable (Cronbach's Alpha > 0.70). Classical assumption tests meet normality, heteroscedasticity, and multicollinearity requirements. The results show work engagement has positive and significant effect with regression coefficient of 0.644 (t=32.863, sig.0.000). Self-efficacy has positive and significant effect with regression coefficient of 0.611 (t=9.063, sig.0.000). Simultaneously both variables contribute 94.8% to employees' innovative work behavior (R²=0.948), while 5.2% influenced by other variables. These findings become recommendations for strengthening HRM practices through team building programs, competency development, reward systems, and optimization of industry partnerships.

Implementation of the 2023 Community Service Lecture (CSL) for STIT Muhammadiyah Abdya Students in Two Regencies: Synergy of Education and Community Empowerment

T. Fachrul Razie — 2025-10-21

Community Service Lecture (CSL) activities are an integral part of the implementation of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education, especially in the aspect of community service. This program was implemented by STIT Muhammadiyah Aceh Barat Daya in 2023 in two locations, namely Central Aceh Regency and Southwest Aceh Regency, with the theme "Strengthening the Values of Religious Education, Health, and Economic Empowerment Based on Community Service." The main objective of this activity is to improve the quality of life of the community through strengthening religious values, health awareness, and economic empowerment based on local potential. The implementation method includes a participatory approach involving village officials, religious leaders, health institutions, and government agency partners, including the National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN) in implementing the DASHAT (Healthy Kitchen to Overcome Stunting) activity. The results of the activity show that (1) in the field of religious education, there has been an increase in public understanding and participation in religious activities; (2) in the health sector, people are more aware of the importance of clean living behavior and balanced nutrition; and (3) in the field of economic empowerment, the community is able to develop small business skills based on local products. In addition, collaboration with the National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN) through the DASHAT program has had a significant impact on increasing family nutrition awareness and preventing stunting at the village level. Overall, the implementation of KPM 2023 successfully integrated religious, health, and economic values into sustainable community service activities. This activity not only provides direct benefits to the community, but also serves as a social learning medium for students to develop empathy, leadership, and social responsibility as future Muslim intellectuals with a spirit of service.

Application Of A Project-Based Learning Model To Improve Learning Outcomes And Critical Thinking Ability

Bayu Yudho Baskoro Bayu — 2025-10-23

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model in improving learning outcomes and critical thinking skills of students in the Nautical Skills subject. The background of this study departs from the need for more contextual, applicable learning, and able to develop higher-order thinking skills in cadets at maritime schools. The methodology used is a qualitative approach with a classroom action research design through observation, interviews, documentation, and analysis of learning outcomes. The subjects of the study were cadets in the maritime study program who took the Nautical Skills subject. The results showed that the implementation of PjBL was able to increase learning activity, collaboration skills, and conceptual understanding of students. In addition, students' critical thinking skills experienced a significant increase, indicated by the ability to analyze maritime problems, formulate solutions, and make decisions based on field data. The improvement in learning outcomes is seen in the acquisition of higher average grades compared to before the implementation of PjBL, as well as more evenly distributed competency achievements. The conclusion of this study is that the Project Based Learning model is effectively applied to the Nautical Skills subject to improve learning outcomes and critical thinking skills. The research recommendations emphasize the need for sustainable implementation, adequate support for practical facilities, and strengthening the capacity of educators in designing and managing learning projects relevant to the maritime world.

The Influence of Service Quality, Discipline, and Workload on Employe Performance at the Peudada Sub-District Office

Khairul Ambia — 2025-10-27

This study aims to determine the effect of work discipline and work This study aims to determine the simultaneous influence of service quality, discipline and workload on employee performance at the Peudada Sub-district Office. The research location is at the Peudada Sub-district Office. The population of this study was 40 civil servants. The sample of this study was 40 civil servants. The method used is a quantitative method with a multiple linear regression model, to analyze the influence of the independent variable (free) on the dependent variable (bound) using SPSS. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the results of the partial test with a value of t count> t table (4,077> 2,028) a significant probability of 0.025 <0.05, indicating that the Service Quality variable affects employee performance at the Peudada Sub-district Office. The results of the partial test with a value of t count >t table (2,145> 2,028) a significant probability of 0.045 <0.05, indicating that the Discipline variable affects employee performance at the Peudada Sub-district Office. The partial test result of t count < t table (-2,919 < 2,028) significant probability of 0.026 < 0.05, indicates that the Workload variable affects employee performance at the Peudada Sub-district Office. The partial test result of F count > F table (9,041 > 2,87) with a significance of F of 0.000 with a probability of < 0.05. So it can be concluded that H0 is rejected H3 is accepted. This means that the variables of Service Quality, Discipline and Workload together (simultaneously) have a significant influence on employee performance variables at the Peudada Sub-district Office.

The Impact of Implementing SIA and Internal Controls on the Quality of Financial Statements at the PDAM Bireuen Office

Ima Waddah — 2025-10-27

This study aims to determine the effect of accounting information systems and internal control on the quality of financial statements at PDAM Krueng Peusangan, Bireuen Regency. The research uses a quantitative approach with an associative method. The population consists of 104 employees, while 73 respondents were selected using purposive sampling based on criteria of employees directly involved in the preparation, recording, and reporting of financial statements. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS version 25. The regression analysis results indicate that the accounting information system (X₁) has a positive and significant effect on the quality of financial statements, with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. The internal control variable (X₂) also has a positive and significant effect with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. Simultaneously, both variables significantly influence the quality of financial statements with a determination coefficient (R²) of 0.569. Thus, the better the implementation of the accounting information system and internal control, the higher the quality of financial statements produced by PDAM Krueng Peusangan.

Strengthening Village Governance Through Technical Assistance In The Preparation Of Village Regulations In Dongi Village, Sidenreng Rappang Regency

Muhammad Zulfan Hakim — 2025-10-31

The gap between village and city regulations causes differences in the quality of government administration, especially due to the limited understanding of village officials in drafting appropriate and harmonious regulations. This article aims to strengthen village governance in Dongi Village, Sidenreng Rappang Regency through technical assistance in the preparation of village regulations. This study uses a descriptive method to provide a systematic and factual picture of the challenges faced by the village government, supported by literature studies and interviews with the community. The findings of the study show that low legal literacy, limited technical skills, and lack of community participation are the main obstacles to the effectiveness of village regulations. Mentoring activities play an important role in increasing the capacity of village apparatus and the Village Consultative Body (BPD) so that they are able to produce regulations that are legally valid, socially accepted, and responsive to community needs. These efforts contribute to the formation of participatory, transparent, and sustainable village governance systems, while providing a model that can be replicated in other villages to improve the quality of local governance.

Policy Strategy for Licensing Reform and Strengthening Monitoring Technology to Break the Cycle of Karhutla Haze in Indonesia

Frisca Ayu Suciandika — 2025-10-31

Indonesia has the world's third-largest tropical forest area (125.9 million hectares) but faces serious threats from forest and land fires (Karhutla). This research aims to identify the root causes of Karhutla and formulate strategic policies to address them. The analytical methods used include APKL (Actual, Problematic, Public Interest, Feasible) and USG (Urgency, Seriousness, Growth) to prioritize problems, and the Bardach method to evaluate policy alternatives. Data shows a 9.43% increase in hotspots from 1,601 points (2024) to 1,752 points (2025), acute respiratory infections increased from 380,000 to 420,000 cases, and economic losses reached IDR 95 trillion. Analysis results identify weak law enforcement as the priority issue (APKL score: 20), with the main root cause being overlapping regulations and licensing (USG score: 15). The recommended policy is sectoral regulatory harmonization through Presidential Regulation involving the formation of a Harmonization Team, preparation of an integrated Academic Paper, and implementation of One Map Policy. The novelty of this research lies in its comprehensive approach integrating multi-criteria analysis to produce evidence-based policy recommendations that can address the root causes of Karhutla fundamentally and sustainably.

Exploring EFL Students’ Difficulties in Writing Compare and Contrast Essays

Puan Tursina — 2025-11-01

This study employed a descriptive quantitative research design to examine second-year university EFL students’ perceptions of difficulties in organizing compare and contrast essays. The research aimed to identify which parts of the essay; introduction, body, or conclusion that students perceive as most challenging and to explore specific difficulties encountered in writing each section. A total of 40 second year university students participated in the study. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire administered via Google form after the midterm examination. Descriptive statistics, particularly percentage analysis, were used to analyze students’ responses. The findings indicate that students perceived the body paragraph as the most challenging section, primarily due to difficulties in organizing ideas coherently, developing supporting details, and using appropriate transitions. In contrast, students expressed higher confidence in writing the introduction and conclusion, demonstrating familiarity with thesis formulation, hooks, and summarizing key points. These results suggest that EFL instruction should emphasize strategies for improving coherence, paragraph organization, and transitional skills, particularly in body paragraphs, to enhance students’ overall essay writing performance.

Linguistic Errors and Descriptive Writing Proficiency in Indonesian EFL Secondary Students

Zuhri Efendi — 2025-11-03

This study examined linguistic error patterns in the descriptive writing of 50 second language learners, using a mixed-methods approach that combined quantitative error counts with qualitative analysis of coherence and clarity. A total of 253 errors were identified across student responses to prompts such as “banana,” “cat,” and “tiger.” Grammar errors were the most frequent (57 cases, 22.5%), particularly subject–verb agreement and tense misuse, followed by sentence structure (51 cases, 20.2%) and spelling errors (51 cases, 20.2%), with punctuation (50 cases, 19.8%) and capitalization (44 cases, 17.4%) somewhat less common. Correlation analysis revealed grammar (r = –.70), punctuation (r = –.65), and sentence structure (r = –.63) as the strongest predictors of diminished writing quality, while spelling and capitalization played secondary roles. Qualitative evidence confirmed that grammar, punctuation, and structure errors disrupted logical flow and obscured meaning, whereas spelling and capitalization mainly reduced surface polish. These findings, consistent with L2 writing scholarship (Bitchener, 2012; Ellis, 2016), underscore the centrality of grammatical and structural accuracy for coherence in descriptive texts. Pedagogically, the study recommends targeted grammar instruction, punctuation and sentence boundary practice, and genre-based scaffolding, complemented by digital feedback tools and peer review, to enhance students’ ability to produce coherent and reader-friendly descriptive writing.

Artificial Intelligence and Its Influences on Human Cultural Distortion

Cut Intan Salasiyah — 2025-11-11

This research examines how artificial intelligence (AI) can influence and distort human culture. AI is viewed as a technology that enables machines or computer systems to mimic human intellectual abilities. The method used is a qualitative method with a descriptive analytical approach. The data sources are obtained from observations of phenomena and literature reviews. The results of the study indicate that the presence of AI, which has greatly facilitated human life, has an impact on aspects of human culture. This problem occurs when the identity, values, and traditions of a society are changed or weakened by strong external influences. Forms of cultural distortion caused by AI can be observed in phenomena such as information distortion and cultural changes in social media, dependence on AI in cultural thinking, the potential risk of cultural misinterpretation, and the influence of AI on the phenomenon of cultural inequality. However, cultural distortion can be prevented with several important steps such as instilling cultural values from an early age, introducing the history and philosophy of the nation's culture, and increasing cultural literacy.

The Impact of Motivation and Work Environment on Employee Work Enthusiasm at Seongho Shipping

Samuel Andriano Nainggolan — 2025-11-14

The purpose of this research is to determine how much influence work motivation and work environment have on employee work enthusiasm, both partially and simultaneously at Seongho Shipping. The method used in this research is a quantitative research method with descriptive approach. The sampling technique used in this research is saturated sampling where the author takes all population as samples totaling 35 people, and the data analysis technique used is an analysis technique using data quality testing, simple linear regression analysis using SPSS version 25.0 application. Based on the analysis carried out, it can be concluded that the quality of the data on the variables of work motivation, work environment and work enthusiasm are valid and reliable significantly both partially and simultaneously, each or together can influence the work enthusiasm of Seongho Shipping employees.

The Influence of Leadership Style and Motivation on the Performance of Members of the Bogor Police Traffic Unit

R. Rizky Guntama Ganda Permana — 2025-11-14

The main problem in this study is the extent to which Leadership Style and Work Motivation affect the Performance of members of the Bogor Police Traffic Unit. Leadership style and motivation are important factors that can influence individual performance within an organization. The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the extent of the Influence of Leadership Style and Work Motivation on the Performance of members of the Bogor Police Traffic Unit, both partially and simultaneously. The method used in this study is a quantitative method with a descriptive and verification approach. The sample used consisted of 72 respondents, selected through random sampling. The data in this study were obtained from respondents' answers to a questionnaire distributed by the author. The results of the data analysis show that leadership style has a positive and significant effect on members' performance. Likewise, work motivation has a positive and significant effect on performance. Simultaneously, Leadership Style and Work Motivation affect the Performance of members of the Bogor Police Traffic Unit.

ESG Implementation in the International Financial System: A Literature Review of Challenges, Opportunities, and Global Standards

Ariq Farhan Widiyanto — 2025-11-14

This study examines the implementation of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles in the international financial system as part of the global transformation toward sustainable economics. ESG serves as a strategic framework integrating environmental, social, and corporate governance dimensions into investment and financing decision-making across nations. The study employs a literature review method with a qualitative descriptive-conceptual approach, aiming to identify challenges, opportunities, and directions for harmonizing global ESG standards. Findings indicate that ESG implementation at the international level still faces several challenges, including inconsistent reporting standards, limited non-financial data, and low institutional readiness in developing countries. Nevertheless, opportunities for harmonization are growing through the establishment of the International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) and the implementation of Indonesia’s Sustainable Finance Roadmap Phase II (2021–2025) by the Financial Services Authority (OJK). ESG has been shown to positively influence corporate reputation, financial performance, and long-term financial stability. Therefore, effective ESG implementation requires synergy among governments, international institutions, and the private sector to realize a transparent, inclusive, and sustainable global financial system.

Correlational Analysis between Perception of Parenting Patterns and Resilience in Final Year Students at Syiah Kuala University

Humaira Rizkiya Mardhatillah — 2025-11-28

The phenomenon of students' delays in completing their theses is a common issue in higher education, where most students need more time than the ideal study period to graduate. Difficulties in managing academic and psychological pressures during the thesis writing process demonstrate the importance of resilience as an individual's ability to rise above challenges. One factor believed to contribute to resilience is parental parenting patterns perceived by individuals from early development. This study aims to determine the relationship between perceptions of parental parenting patterns and resilience in final year students at Syiah Kuala University. The research method used was a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The instruments used in this study were the Perceived Parenting Style Scale by Divya and Manikandan (2013) for perceived parenting style and the Connor-Davidson resilience Scale by Connor and Davidson (2003) fo resilience. A total of 372 final year students participated as respondents through an accidental sampling technique. The instruments used were the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and the Perceived Parenting Style Scale, which measure three dimensions of parenting patterns: authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive. The results of the analysis showed that authoritative parenting had a significant positive relationship with resilience (r = 0.846; p < 0.001; R² = 0.716), while authoritarian parenting (r = -0.796; p < 0.001; R² = 0.633) and permissive parenting (r = -0.827; p < 0.001; R² = 0.684) showed a significant negative relationship. These R² values indicate that perceptions of parenting styles explain between 63% to 71% of the variance in student resilience. This study revealed the importance of supportive parenting, especially authoritative parenting, in developing students' psychological resilience so they can complete their studies more effectively.

The Effect of Profitability, Solvency, and Liquidity on Stock Prices of Logistics and Delivery Subsector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2020-2024 Period

Siahaan Trinita Tiodora Mardalena — 2025-11-28

This study aims to analyze the effect of profitability (ROA), solvency (DER), and liquidity (CR) on stock prices of logistics and delivery sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2020–2024 period. The research is motivated by the rapid growth of the logistics industry driven by e-commerce expansion and digital transformation, alongside stock price fluctuations influenced by internal financial performance and external economic conditions. This study employs a quantitative approach using purposive sampling, resulting in 12 companies as research samples. Data were analyzed through multiple linear regression analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics to examine both partial and simultaneous effects among the variables. The results reveal that profitability (ROA), solvency (DER), and liquidity (CR) have a positive and significant influence on stock prices, both partially and simultaneously. The coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.867 indicates that these three independent variables explain 86.7% of stock price variations, while the remaining 13.3% is influenced by other external factors. These findings support the signaling theory and trade-off theory, emphasizing that sound financial performance serves as a positive signal to investors when assessing company prospects. Overall, this study confirms that fundamental analysis based on financial ratios remains a relevant tool for predicting stock market performance, particularly within the logistics and delivery sub-sector that heavily relies on operational efficiency and financial stability.

A Qualitative Comparison of Cross-Border QRIS and Global Card Networks

Dharma Adita — 2025-12-04

This study examines the strategic role of Cross-Border Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) as a transformative alternative to conventional international payment systems, specifically comparing its operational efficiency and cost structure against Visa and Mastercard networks. Employing a descriptive qualitative method and secondary data synthesis from 2020–2025, the study explores linkages between Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore within ASEAN’s digital payment ecosystem. Findings demonstrate that Cross-Border QRIS significantly reduces transaction costs through lower Merchant Discount Rates (MDR) and accelerates settlement under the Local Currency Settlement (LCS) framework. Additionally, it contributes to regional “dedollarization” and enhances digital sovereignty by fostering domestic control over payment infrastructure and transaction data. Despite these advantages, card networks remain superior in global coverage and fraud prevention. The research concludes that an optimal payment ecosystem requires a hybrid adoption model combining QRIS efficiency with the international reach of card schemes.

Overcoming Resistance and Fostering Adaptation: Change Management Strategies at BPJS Kesehatan

Muhammad Zamzami — 2025-12-04

The organizational transformation undertaken by BPJS Kesehatan in responding to the dynamics of public service delivery, digitalization, and increasing participant expectations is often hindered by the emergence of internal resistance. This resistance manifests in various forms, including limited understanding of the urgency of change, concerns regarding its impact on job roles, inadequate digital competencies, and a bureaucratic culture that does not fully support innovation. This study aims to identify the patterns and factors driving resistance to change within BPJS Kesehatan and to formulate effective and sustainable change management strategies. Based on literature analysis and empirical findings, resistance is primarily influenced by suboptimal internal communication (68%), insufficient understanding of the direction of change (70%), and anxiety about its impact on work responsibilities (65%). Through strategic analysis, this research emphasizes the importance of transparent and participatory communication, competency enhancement through adaptive training, application of the ADKAR model, strengthening an innovative organizational culture, and implementing data-driven monitoring and feedback mechanisms. The findings demonstrate that a people-centered approach to change management can reduce resistance, increase employee engagement, and reinforce the organization's adaptive capacity. With consistent implementation, these strategies have the potential to enhance the effectiveness of BPJS Kesehatan’s transformation efforts and sustainably improve public service quality.

The Influence of Transformational Leadership and Work Motivation on Teacher Performance at SMA Mahawarman Bandung Regency

Abdul Jamil — 2025-12-07

The main problem in this research is to determine the extent of the influence of transformational leadership and work motivation on teacher performance at SMA Mahawarman Bandung Regency, both simultaneously and partially. The purpose of this research is to identify and analyze transformational leadership, work motivation, and teacher performance, as well as the magnitude of the influence of transformational leadership and work motivation on teacher performance at SMA Mahawarman Bandung Regency, both simultaneously and partially. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach. The population in this research consists of teachers at SMA Mahawarman Bandung Regency. The sample in this research is 45 teachers. The data in this research is primary data, obtained from respondents' answers to questionnaires distributed by the author. The results of the data analysis conducted by the author show that simultaneously, transformational leadership and work motivation have a significant positive effect on teacher performance (F = 18.245; p < 0.001; R = 0.612; R² = 0.375). Partially, the standardized coefficient of transformational leadership (β = 0.287; p = 0.023) and work motivation (β = 0.198; p = 0.045) are significant. Teacher performance is influenced by transformational leadership and work motivation variables by 37.5% in a positive direction.

The Influence of Work Motivation and Work Discipline on Teacher Performance at SDN Kebalen 02 Bekasi

Nurhasan — 2025-12-07

This study aims to identify and analyze the influence of work motivation and work discipline on teacher performance at SDN Kebalen 02 Bekasi, both partially and simultaneously. The study employs a quantitative method with descriptive and verificative approaches. Data were collected using questionnaire instruments. Respondents were 32 teachers at SDN Kebalen 02 Bekasi. Multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS version 25 was used. The findings show that work motivation has a positive effect on teacher performance at SDN Kebalen 02 Bekasi. Work discipline also positively influences teacher performance. The study further reveals that work motivation and work discipline simultaneously affect teacher performance at SDN Kebalen 02 Bekasi. The simultaneous effect amounts to 74.1% (R2 = 0.741), while the remaining 25.9% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study. It can be concluded that combining improved work motivation and work discipline significantly enhances teacher performance at SDN Kebalen 02 Bekasi.

Optimizing Asset Allocation in Investment Portfolios in Primary Consumer Sector Companies for the 2020-2022 Period

Devi Suci Lastari — 2025-12-08

This study aims to determine the optimal portfolio composition for primary consumer sector stocks in Indonesia during the 2020–2022 period, a time marked by high market volatility due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis focuses on two stocks: PT Sumber Alfaria Trijaya Tbk. (AMRT) and PT Indoritel Makmur Internasional Tbk. (DNET). Using a quantitative descriptive–explanatory approach, the research includes the calculation of returns, variance, covariance, correlation, portfolio formation with the Markowitz Model and Single Index Model, as well as performance evaluation using the Sharpe Ratio, Treynor Ratio, and Jensen’s Alpha. The results show that AMRT offers higher average returns but with greater volatility, while DNET provides more stable returns with lower risk. The negative correlation between the two stocks (-0.319) enables effective diversification. The minimum-risk portfolio is obtained with a composition of 13% AMRT and 87% DNET, achieving a risk level of 10.68%, which is lower than the risk of each individual asset. Meanwhile, the best-performing portfolio based on the Sharpe Ratio is achieved with a composition of 30% AMRT and 70% DNET, offering optimal efficiency between return and risk. These findings reinforce the relevance of Modern Portfolio Theory in the Indonesian market context and provide strategic recommendations for investors to optimize asset allocation through measurable diversification.

Challenges and Management Strategies of Elementary School Teachers in Addressing Artificial Intelligence (AI) Disruptions in Student Character Education

Ramlis Harman Susanto — 2025-12-14

The disruption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the education sector presents a fundamental dualism: as an innovative instrument with transformative potential, but also as a significant challenge to the pillars of character education at the elementary school level. This article systematically examines these issues in the context of education in Indonesia. An in-depth analysis identifies three main dimensions of challenges faced by elementary school teachers: (1) ethical and moral challenges, including the erosion of academic integrity, threats to student data privacy, and algorithmic bias; (2) socio-emotional challenges, including the risk of empathy atrophy, social isolation due to reduced human interaction, and digital dependency; and (3) pedagogical challenges, highlighting the limitations of AI as a moral educator and a shift in learning focus that risks neglecting the affective domain. Facing these multidimensional challenges, the role of teachers undergoes a crucial transformation from information conveyors to digital character architects. Consequently, a strategic and comprehensive teacher management framework is needed. This article proposes a management strategy centered on four pillars: (1) adaptive continuing professional development (PKB) based on the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework; (2) transformative instructional leadership based on human-centric principles; (3) developing school curricula and policies that are responsive to AI ethics; and (4) strengthening the education ecosystem through synergistic collaboration between schools, parents, and the government. In conclusion, the success of integrating AI without sacrificing character education does not depend on technological sophistication, but rather on the readiness, competence, and resilience of teachers. Therefore, investing in human-centered teacher management is a definitive prerequisite for wisely harnessing the potential of AI while fortifying the foundation of the character of future generations.

Analysis of the Concepts and Principles of Educational Philosophy from Western, Eastern, and Islamic Perspectives and Their Contribution to the World of Education

Leny Nurdiyaningsih — 2025-12-14

This article outlines an analysis of the concepts and principles of educational philosophy using a literature analysis approach, including articles, journals, and books, to identify its contribution to the world of education. Educational philosophy is a branch of philosophy that plays a crucial role in formulating the direction, goals, and methods of education. Through a literature study of the thoughts of Western, Eastern, and Islamic philosophers, we analyze the differences and similarities in their views on education. Western educational philosophy concepts emphasize rationality, individuality, and freedom of thought. Eastern educational philosophy concepts emphasize balance, morality, and harmony. Islamic educational philosophy, on the other hand, is based on revelation, the integration of knowledge and morality, and the ultimate goal of salvation and happiness in this world and the hereafter. Therefore, the principles of educational philosophy developed by these three approaches are relevant to the development of today's more contextual and holistic education. The analysis shows that educational philosophy not only plays a significant role in the formal teaching process but also forms fundamental aspects of character formation and the instilling of individual and societal values.

The Influence of Altruistic and Sustainable Orientation on Student Business Innovation for Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of Universal University Students

Eryc — 2025-12-14

This study aims to analyze the influence of altruistic orientation and sustainable orientation on business innovation of students at Universal University in Batam. The background of the study is based on the increasing attention to sustainable entrepreneurship among students, which emphasizes social values, empathy, and environmental concerns as the basis for business decision-making. The method used is an exploratory quantitative approach through a survey of 71 students who have active businesses. The analysis was conducted with Partial Least Squares – Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS) using SmartPLS 4. The results of the validity and reliability tests showed that all constructs met the statistical criteria (outer loading > 0.70; AVE > 0.50; CR > 0.70), with an R² value of 0.77. The results showed that sustainable orientation had a positive and significant effect on student business innovation. However, altruistic orientation did not have a direct effect on business innovation. Altruistic orientation only had an indirect effect through sustainable orientation , thus forming a partial mediation relationship in this research model. These findings indicate that altruistic values only have an impact on innovation if they are realized through a sustainable orientation in entrepreneurial practice. Theoretically, this research expands the application of value theory and the concept of sustainable entrepreneurship by emphasizing the role of sustainability orientation as a bridge between prosocial values and innovation. Practically, the results of this study can serve as a basis for universities to develop green entrepreneurship programs, sustainable business incubation programs, and social and environmental value-based training for student entrepreneurs.

Study of the Concept of Educational Research Methodology: Research Problem, Variables, Literature Review and Hypothesis

Fitri Wahyuningsih — 2025-12-14

Islamic Education research faces fundamental methodological problems, where its four main pillars, namely problem formulation, variables, literature review, and hypothesis, still often adopt secular research paradigms without adequate adaptation. This causes the research to lose its Islamic authenticity. This study uses a qualitative approach with the type of library research . The data analysis techniques used are qualitative content analysis and conceptual analysis . The results of the study show that: 1). Authentic research problems are that research problems in Islamic education are formulated by identifying gaps between Islamic values (Tawhid, Maqashid Sharia ) and the empirical reality of Muslim education. Authentic problems arise from the intersection of normative criticism and field observations. 2). Variable Ontology is that theocentric variables (such as sincerity, piety) are operationalized through a hybrid model that combines behavioral indicators (observed) and spiritual indicators (psychometrics) to maintain their conceptual validity without reducing meaning. 3). Naqli-aqli integration is that the literature review is constructed through the integration of three models: confirmation (naqli and aqli agree), correction (naqli criticizes aqli), and construction (the synthesis of the two gives birth to a new theory). This builds a solid and contextual theoretical foundation. 4). Reflective hypothesis is that the hypothesis is formulated as a bridge that unites normative premises (from naqli) with empirical assumptions (from aqli) in a deductive framework (from general principles to specific assumptions) and inductive (testing through data). The findings of this study can be implemented through the preparation of operational guidelines for Islamic education research methodology that contain a complete framework of the four key elements. This guideline contains practical procedures for formulating problems based on the gap between Islamic values and reality, a hybrid theocentric variable operationalization model, a naqli-aqli integrative literature review template , and the formulation of reflective hypotheses.

Revitalizing Shame as a Moral Fortress for the Young Generation in the Digital Era: An Analysis of Decadence and a Strategic Framework for Moral Preservation

Yanti Novita — 2025-12-14

This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of the decadence of al-ḥaya' (sense of shame) values in the younger generation amidst the massive flow of digital modernity and to formulate a comprehensive strategic framework for the preservation of Islamic morals in the virtual space. With a qualitative approach of Library Research , data were collected through documentation techniques and systematic recording from primary sources (religious texts and scientific journals) and secondary sources (KPAI and APJII reports), then analyzed using Qualitative Content Analysis . The results of the study indicate that the decline of al-ḥaya' values which function as syu'batun min al-iman (a branch of faith) is mainly triggered by a spiritual crisis (deficit in the concept of ihsan ) and the dominance of digital media that normalizes excessive self-disclosure behavior , erodes awareness of Divine supervision ( muraqabah ), and weakens self-control. Therefore, a Comprehensive Strategic Framework was formulated that focuses on the synergy of three educational centers: the integration of al-ḥaya' in the curriculum through habituation ( ta'wid ) and role modeling ( qudwah ḥasanah ) in schools, revitalization of the family ecosystem through parental digital role models, and strengthening Islamic value-based digital literacy. This study confirms that this holistic approach is effective in reactivating al-ḥaya' as an optimal self-regulation mechanism , providing practical and theoretical contributions to ensuring Muslim integrity and the preservation of morals in both physical and virtual public spaces.

Development of Sound Energy Teaching Module Based on Integrated PjBL Learning Model with Local Wisdom to Improve Scientific Reasoning Ability

Novi Sari Liani — 2025-12-15

This study aims to develop a sound energy teaching module based on the PjBL learning model integrated with local wisdom to improve scientific reasoning skills and test feasibility. The type of research used in this study is a quantitative research type with the Research and Development (R&D) research method. With the ADDIE development model used analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The results of the validation research by media experts show that in the media aspect, technical quality and media size with a presentation value of 84.90%, 89.02%, 91.55% so it is concluded that it is very good. The results of the material expert analysis clearly show that in terms of material coverage, material accuracy, up-to-dateness and stimulating desire, media presentation with a presentation value of 85.73%, 88.58%, 97.30%, 90.72%, 95.81% so it is concluded that it is very good. The results of the analysis of linguists clearly show that in terms of clarity, suitability with student development and suitability with language rules with a presentation value of 88.16%, 90.07%, 95.35%. The results of the overall feasibility test for individual, group and field validation with a percentage of 89%, 87% and 95% qualifications are very suitable. The results of the gain normality test analysis obtained a result of 0.89 so that it can be concluded that there is an increase in the scientific reasoning ability of students who are taught with the sound energy teaching module based on the PjBL learning model integrated with local wisdom.

Agribusiness Competency Level of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Kubu Raya Regency

Sisca Manda Nasution — 2025-12-15

The potential of agribusiness MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) in Kubu Raya Regency is hindered by the low competency of business actors, which is reflected in minimal product innovation, packaging design, and the underutilization of digital technology in marketing. This condition indicates weaknesses in the aspects of knowledge, skills, and mental attitude, resulting in limited market reach and low turnover. This research aims to identify the level of agribusiness competency and analyze the factors influencing it, using a sample of 83 MSME actors through purposive sampling and ordinal logit regression analysis. The results show that the agribusiness competency of MSME actors is generally in the medium category, where the knowledge aspect is high while skills and mental attitude are medium. Education, business experience, and business capital significantly influence the level of competency. It is recommended that MSME actors be encouraged to increase innovation and have the courage to step out of their comfort zone to strengthen competitiveness.

Integration of Character Education Values in Children's Animated Films: A Critical Analysis of the Development of Visual Technology

Veggy Andika Pratama — 2025-12-17

The rapid advancement of animation visual technology creates a gap between technical sophistication and depth of character content. Immersive technologies like CGI have the potential to render moral messages superficial and merely visual tack, eclipsed by the demands of spectacular effects and the commercial interests of the industry. This research was conducted by applying a qualitative approach through the library research method. This study adopted a qualitative content analysis approach combined with critical discourse analysis. The results show that: 1). Animation technology has evolved from mere entertainment to a sophisticated narrative tool for conveying moral messages. CGI and immersive techniques create powerful visual metaphors, transforming abstract concepts into emotional experiences that children can easily grasp. 2). Character values such as role models and empathy are no longer presented dogmatically. Modern animation presents them through dynamic character arcs, using visual symbols (such as changes in color or camera angles) to subtly demonstrate a character's moral development. 3). The animation industry faces a tension between educational goals and commercial demands. Market pressures can lead to a dilution of values, where moral messages become shallow and generic to sell franchises and merchandise, hindering narrative depth. 4). The effectiveness of animation in shaping behavior depends on children's identification with the characters and adult guidance. While immersive, resolving moral conflicts too quickly risks instilling unrealistic expectations. The best impact is achieved when the viewing is followed by discussion.

A Sociological Analysis of Telemedicine, Patients, and Healthcare Professionals' Responsibilities in the Digital Health Era

Nur Endah Sri Ningsih — 2025-12-20

Development of digital technology in healthcare driven the emergence of telemedicine practices as an alternative for remote healthcare services. However, this progress presents complex legal and social challenges, particularly concerning the protection of patient rights and the responsibilities of healthcare providers. This article examines the urgency of regulating telemedicine within the context of patient law and the responsibilities of healthcare providers through the lens of sociology. The method used is normative juridical. According to Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning technology-based healthcare services, this law provides a foundation for telemedicine and the information technology in healthcare services, establishing guidelines for the practice of remote healthcare services. Law Number 17 of 2023 aims to address increasingly complex health challenges in Indonesia with a more modern and technology-based approach. This aligns with the evolving needs of society, especially following the experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, there is a need for adaptive regulatory updates and increased digital literacy among the public to support a fair and sustainable healthcare system.

The LGBT Phenomenon from a Social and Legal Perspective in Indonesia

Erfita — 2025-12-20

The LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender) phenomenon in Indonesia has become a complex social and legal issue amidst globalization and technological advancements. This study aims to analyze the definition, causes, social impacts, and legal perspectives on this phenomenon within the context of Indonesian moral and cultural values. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a sociological and normative juridical approach through literature review and social theory. The results of the study indicate that promiscuity and LGBT emerged due to the influence of global culture, digital media, and weak character education. Socially, this phenomenon has led to a shift in moral values, an increase in deviant behavior, and the emergence of stigma and social conflict. Although the LGBT community is increasingly present in public spaces and social media, Indonesian society generally still rejects its existence because it is considered contrary to religious and cultural norms . In terms of law, LGBT behavior and promiscuity are not explicitly regulated in the law, but acts that violate morality can be prosecuted through Articles 281 and 292 of the Criminal Code, as well as Law No. 44 of 2008 concerning Pornography. The government is expected to strengthen regulations and moral education that balance individual rights and social order. Thus, the phenomenon of promiscuity and LGBT reflects the nation's moral challenges that require a balanced legal, social, and educational approach to align with the values of Pancasila and Indonesia's cultural identity.